{"id":469,"date":"2026-10-14T00:10:08","date_gmt":"2026-10-13T22:10:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ruizsogueroabogadas.com\/?page_id=469"},"modified":"2026-10-14T00:10:08","modified_gmt":"2026-10-13T22:10:08","slug":"arrendamientos-y-desahucios","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ruizsogueroabogadas.com\/en\/areas-de-practica\/arrendamientos-y-desahucios\/","title":{"rendered":"Leases and evictions"},"content":{"rendered":"<a class=\"rs rs-saltar\" href=\"#contenido\">Skip to content<\/a>\n<header class=\"rs rs-cab\">\n<div class=\"rs-cab__in\">\n<a class=\"rs-cab__logo\" href=\"https:\/\/ruizsogueroabogadas.com\/en\/\" aria-label=\"Ruiz &amp; Soguero Abogadas, home\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ruizsogueroabogadas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/rs-logo-horizontal.png\" alt=\"Ruiz &amp; Soguero Abogadas\" width=\"656\" height=\"132\"><\/a>\n<nav class=\"rs-cab__nav\" aria-label=\"Main\">\n<a href=\"https:\/\/ruizsogueroabogadas.com\/en\/areas-de-practica\/\">Practice areas<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/ruizsogueroabogadas.com\/en\/equipo\/\">Lawyers<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/ruizsogueroabogadas.com\/en\/despacho\/\">The firm<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/ruizsogueroabogadas.com\/en\/contacto\/\">Contact<\/a>\n<\/nav>\n<div class=\"rs-cab__acc\">\n<nav class=\"rs-cab__idioma\" aria-label=\"Idioma \/ Language\" data-no-translation>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/ruizsogueroabogadas.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/469\" lang=\"es\" hreflang=\"es\">ES<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/ruizsogueroabogadas.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/469\" lang=\"en\" hreflang=\"en\" aria-current=\"true\">EN<\/a>\n<\/nav>\n<a class=\"rs-cab__cta\" href=\"https:\/\/ruizsogueroabogadas.com\/en\/contacto\/\">Book a consultation<\/a>\n<button type=\"button\" class=\"rs-cab__menu\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"rs-menu\" data-rs-abrir>\n<svg width=\"28\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 28 18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#5B4580\" stroke-width=\"2\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M1 2h26M1 9h26M1 16h26\"><\/path><\/svg>\n<span>Menu<\/span>\n<\/button>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"rs rs-menu\" id=\"rs-menu\" role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"true\" aria-label=\"Menu\" hidden>\n<div class=\"rs-menu__cab\">\n<a href=\"https:\/\/ruizsogueroabogadas.com\/en\/\" aria-label=\"Ruiz &amp; 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font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.16em; text-transform: uppercase; color: #5B4580\">Civil<\/p>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: 16px 32px\">\n<h1 id=\"titulo\" style=\"margin: 0; max-width: 860px; font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', Georgia, serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: clamp(40px, 4.6vw, 64px); line-height: 1.04; color: #2A2433\">Leases and evictions<\/h1>\n<span aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"flex: 1 1 100px; height: 2px; background: #C9B8E8\"><\/span>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"max-width: 780px; margin: 24px 0 18px; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6; color: #3E3946\">We advise landlords and tenants of homes and commercial premises in Barcelona and the rest of Catalonia: the contract, its duration, rent, deposit and the limits in stressed residential market areas. If rent goes unpaid or the lease ends, we bring or defend the eviction and the claim for arrears, always seeking a negotiated solution first.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0; font-size: 14px; color: #5F5A66\">By <a href=\"https:\/\/ruizsogueroabogadas.com\/en\/equipo\/elena-fernandez-ruiz\/\" style=\"font-weight: 600; color: #5B4580\">Elena Fern\u00e1ndez Ruiz<\/a>, ICAB member no. 43871 \u00b7 Updated on 14 October 2026<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"rs\" style=\"background: #FFFFFF\">\n<div style=\"max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 56px clamp(20px, 4vw, 40px) 88px; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 48px 64px; align-items: flex-start\">\n<article style=\"flex: 2 1 620px; min-width: 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 52px\">\n\n<div>\n<h2 style=\"margin: 0 0 18px; font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', Georgia, serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 34px; line-height: 1.1; color: #2A2433\">In brief<\/h2>\n<dl style=\"margin: 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; border-top: 1px solid #E4DFD7\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 280px; padding: 18px 20px 18px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #E4DFD7\">\n<dt style=\"font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: #5B4580\">Who it is for<\/dt>\n<dd style=\"margin: 6px 0 0; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5\">Landlords and tenants of homes and commercial premises, whether individuals or companies.<\/dd>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 280px; padding: 18px 20px 18px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #E4DFD7\">\n<dt style=\"font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: #5B4580\">Where it is handled<\/dt>\n<dd style=\"margin: 6px 0 0; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5\">The deposit is lodged with INCAS\u00d2L (Catalan Land Institute); evictions and rent claims are heard in a summary trial (juicio verbal) by the court where the property is located.<\/dd>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 280px; padding: 18px 20px 18px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #E4DFD7\">\n<dt style=\"font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: #5B4580\">Minimum term<\/dt>\n<dd style=\"margin: 6px 0 0; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5\">For residential leases signed since 6 March 2019, five years, or seven if the landlord is a company, through annual extensions that are mandatory for the landlord (art. 9 of the Urban Leases Act).<\/dd>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 280px; padding: 18px 20px 18px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #E4DFD7\">\n<dt style=\"font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: #5B4580\">Fees<\/dt>\n<dd style=\"margin: 6px 0 0; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5\">We quote them in the first consultation (\u20ac40), with the option to pay in instalments.<\/dd>\n<\/div>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n\n<div>\n<h2 style=\"margin: 0 0 18px; font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', Georgia, serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 34px; line-height: 1.1; color: #2A2433\">Key points on leases and evictions<\/h2>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 14px\">\n<li style=\"display: flex; gap: 14px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.6\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"flex: 0 0 auto; width: 8px; height: 8px; margin-top: 9px; background: #9F86C9\"><\/span>A deposit of one month's rent for homes and two for other uses; in Catalonia the landlord must lodge it with INCAS\u00d2L within two months of signing.<\/li>\n<li style=\"display: flex; gap: 14px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.6\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"flex: 0 0 auto; width: 8px; height: 8px; margin-top: 9px; background: #9F86C9\"><\/span>For homes, rent is only updated if agreed, once a year and, for contracts signed on or after 26 May 2023, capped at the change in the IRAV index (art. 18 of the Urban Leases Act).<\/li>\n<li style=\"display: flex; gap: 14px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.6\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"flex: 0 0 auto; width: 8px; height: 8px; margin-top: 9px; background: #9F86C9\"><\/span>Barcelona is a stressed market area: the rent under a new contract cannot, save for exceptions, exceed the previous updated rent, and large landlords are capped by the reference index.<\/li>\n<li style=\"display: flex; gap: 14px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.6\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"flex: 0 0 auto; width: 8px; height: 8px; margin-top: 9px; background: #9F86C9\"><\/span>In a stressed area, the contract must state the previous rent or the reference index, whether the owner is a large landlord, the purpose, and the habitability and energy certificates.<\/li>\n<li style=\"display: flex; gap: 14px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.6\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"flex: 0 0 auto; width: 8px; height: 8px; margin-top: 9px; background: #9F86C9\"><\/span>For homes, estate agency and contract formalisation costs are borne by the landlord (art. 20 of the Urban Leases Act).<\/li>\n<li style=\"display: flex; gap: 14px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.6\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"flex: 0 0 auto; width: 8px; height: 8px; margin-top: 9px; background: #9F86C9\"><\/span>Before suing, an appropriate dispute resolution method must be attempted, for example a documented negotiation or mediation (Organic Law 1\/2025).<\/li>\n<li style=\"display: flex; gap: 14px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.6\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"flex: 0 0 auto; width: 8px; height: 8px; margin-top: 9px; background: #9F86C9\"><\/span>The eviction claim must state whether the property is the occupant's main home and whether the claimant is a large landlord (art. 439.6 of the Civil Procedure Act).<\/li>\n<li style=\"display: flex; gap: 14px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.6\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"flex: 0 0 auto; width: 8px; height: 8px; margin-top: 9px; background: #9F86C9\"><\/span>In Catalonia, a large landlord must offer a social rent before suing for non-payment if the occupants are at risk of housing exclusion (art. 5.2 of Law 24\/2015).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div>\n<h2 style=\"margin: 0 0 22px; font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', Georgia, serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 34px; line-height: 1.1; color: #2A2433\">How we help you<\/h2>\n<ol style=\"margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; display: flex; flex-direction: column\">\n<li style=\"display: flex; gap: 22px; padding: 18px 0; border-top: 1px solid #E4DFD7\">\n<span aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"flex: 0 0 40px; font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', Georgia, serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 30px; line-height: 1; color: #9F86C9\">1<\/span>\n<div><h3 style=\"margin: 0 0 4px; font-size: 17px; font-weight: 600\">We study your case<\/h3><p style=\"margin: 0; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.6; color: #5F5A66\">We review the contract, payments, deposit, the area where the property is located, and whether either party is a large landlord or in a vulnerable situation.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"display: flex; gap: 22px; padding: 18px 0; border-top: 1px solid #E4DFD7\">\n<span aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"flex: 0 0 40px; font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', Georgia, serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 30px; line-height: 1; color: #9F86C9\">2<\/span>\n<div><h3 style=\"margin: 0 0 4px; font-size: 17px; font-weight: 600\">Formal demand and negotiation<\/h3><p style=\"margin: 0; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.6; color: #5F5A66\">We send a formal, verifiable demand for payment or for possession and carry out the prior negotiation required by law, seeking an agreement before going to court.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"display: flex; gap: 22px; padding: 18px 0; border-top: 1px solid #E4DFD7\">\n<span aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"flex: 0 0 40px; font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', Georgia, serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 30px; line-height: 1; color: #9F86C9\">3<\/span>\n<div><h3 style=\"margin: 0 0 4px; font-size: 17px; font-weight: 600\">Claim or defence<\/h3><p style=\"margin: 0; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.6; color: #5F5A66\">We file the eviction claim together with the claim for unpaid rent, or defend the tenant: opposition, stopping the eviction by paying (enervaci\u00f3n) or a stay for vulnerability where applicable.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"display: flex; gap: 22px; padding: 18px 0; border-top: 1px solid #E4DFD7; border-bottom: 1px solid #E4DFD7\">\n<span aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"flex: 0 0 40px; font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', Georgia, serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 30px; line-height: 1; color: #9F86C9\">4<\/span>\n<div><h3 style=\"margin: 0 0 4px; font-size: 17px; font-weight: 600\">Repossession and recovery<\/h3><p style=\"margin: 0; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.6; color: #5F5A66\">We follow the proceedings through to judgment and repossession, claim the outstanding amounts and handle the return or use of the deposit.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n\n<div>\n<h2 style=\"margin: 0 0 12px; font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', Georgia, serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 34px; line-height: 1.1; color: #2A2433\">Frequently asked questions<\/h2>\n<div style=\"border-top: 1px solid #E4DFD7\">\n<details open=\"open\" style=\"border-bottom: 1px solid #E4DFD7; padding: 18px 0\">\n<summary style=\"display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; gap: 16px; min-height: 44px; font-size: 17px; font-weight: 600\">Can the tenant stop the eviction by paying?<span class=\"rs-signo\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"font-size: 22px; font-weight: 400; color: #5B4580\"><\/span><\/summary>\n<p style=\"margin: 8px 0 0; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.65; color: #5F5A66\">Generally yes, once: by paying everything owed within ten days of the court's formal demand (enervaci\u00f3n). This is not possible if the tenant has done so before, or if the landlord made a verifiable demand for payment at least thirty days before the claim and it was not paid (art. 22.4 of the Civil Procedure Act).<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details style=\"border-bottom: 1px solid #E4DFD7; padding: 18px 0\">\n<summary style=\"display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; gap: 16px; min-height: 44px; font-size: 17px; font-weight: 600\">How much can the rent go up each year?<span class=\"rs-signo\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"font-size: 22px; font-weight: 400; color: #5B4580\"><\/span><\/summary>\n<p style=\"margin: 8px 0 0; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.65; color: #5F5A66\">For homes, only if the contract provides for it, and once a year. For contracts signed on or after 26 May 2023, the increase cannot exceed the change in the IRAV index published by the National Statistics Institute (INE). These limits have changed frequently, so it is advisable to check the one that applies to each contract and date.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details style=\"border-bottom: 1px solid #E4DFD7; padding: 18px 0\">\n<summary style=\"display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; gap: 16px; min-height: 44px; font-size: 17px; font-weight: 600\">When must the deposit be returned?<span class=\"rs-signo\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"font-size: 22px; font-weight: 400; color: #5B4580\"><\/span><\/summary>\n<p style=\"margin: 8px 0 0; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.65; color: #5F5A66\">When the lease ends, the landlord must return to the tenant the balance of the deposit owed to them. If this is not done within one month of the keys being handed back, that balance accrues statutory interest (art. 36.4 of the Urban Leases Act). If there is a dispute, we can negotiate or claim it.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div>\n<h2 style=\"margin: 0 0 10px; font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', Georgia, serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 28px; line-height: 1.1; color: #2A2433\">Legislation<\/h2>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; border-top: 1px solid #E4DFD7\">\n<li style=\"padding: 10px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #F0ECE6; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.5\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/act.php?id=BOE-A-1994-26003#a9\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: #5B4580; text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 3px\">Law 29\/1994 on Urban Leases (arts. 9, 17, 18, 20 and 36 and eleventh additional provision)<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 10px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #F0ECE6; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.5\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/act.php?id=BOE-A-2000-323#a22\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: #5B4580; text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 3px\">Law 1\/2000 on Civil Procedure (arts. 22, 250, 437 to 441)<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 10px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #F0ECE6; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.5\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/act.php?id=BOE-A-2023-12203\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: #5B4580; text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 3px\">Law 12\/2023 on the right to housing (arts. 3 and 18)<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 10px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #F0ECE6; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.5\"><a href=\"https:\/\/portaljuridic.gencat.cat\/ca\/document-del-pjur\/?documentId=153116&amp;validity=2161526&amp;traceability=02\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: #5B4580; text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 3px\">Catalan Law 13\/1996 on the register and deposit of rental deposits<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n\n<aside style=\"flex: 1 1 300px; min-width: 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 24px\">\n<div style=\"border: 1px solid #E4DFD7\">\n<img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/ruizsogueroabogadas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/rs-elena-fernandez-ruiz.jpg\" width=\"720\" height=\"960\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Portrait of Elena Fern\u00e1ndez Ruiz\" style=\"display: block; width: 100%; height: 260px; object-fit: cover; object-position: 50% 16%\">\n<div style=\"padding: 22px 22px 24px\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 6px; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.14em; text-transform: uppercase; color: #5B4580\">Lawyer in charge<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 4px; font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', Georgia, serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 26px; line-height: 1.15\">Elena Fern\u00e1ndez Ruiz<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 16px; font-size: 14px; color: #5F5A66\">Civil \u00b7 ICAB member no. 43871<\/p>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px\">\n<a class=\"rs-boton\" href=\"https:\/\/ruizsogueroabogadas.com\/en\/contacto\/\" style=\"display: inline-flex; align-items: center; min-height: 46px; padding: 0 18px; background: #2A2433; color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 700\">Book a consultation<\/a>\n<a class=\"rs-boton-burdeos\" href=\"https:\/\/ruizsogueroabogadas.com\/en\/equipo\/elena-fernandez-ruiz\/\" style=\"display: inline-flex; 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